Wirdle solutions week 11
W'ir blyde tae announce dat, as o daday, da Shaetlan Wirdle is haed mair as 13,000 players fae 92 countries. Here's da solutions fir dis week! Scroll fir ee wird at a time tae git da richt answer, it's meaneen, an da history o da wird. Last you'll fin da main references at we øse fir da etymologies, an da latest map o players. You'll fin da priciples o wir spelleen system at https://wwwiheardee.com/shaetlan/spellin-in-shaetlan (or inna wir linktree).
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Hit's important tae mind at "Aald English" wis nivver a monolithic language, reider hit's a cover term fir fower distinct Nort Sea Germanic varieties. Da direct ancestor tae Scots wis Northumbrian Aald English. Da direct ancestor tae English wis Mercian Old English. But maist o whit data is left comes fae Wast Saxon Aald English. Wharivver possible w'ir gien da Northumbrian Aald English forms, seein as da main ancestors tae Shaetlan is Norn an Scots (no English), wi a lok o Dutch/Low German influence.
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Wir tanks agein tae Julie fir tinkin up da idee, an tae Andrew fir makkin it possible! 🤗
pells plural o pell ‘(1) bucket; (2) treff, taat, disreputable body’
History: pell meanin ‘bucket’ comes fae da Anglo-Norman pae(l)le, pa(i)(e)l(e) ‘pan, bucket’ at itsel comes fae Aald French pa(i)e(l)le, payelle ‘fryeen pan’, in turn fae Latin patella ‘peerie pan/dysh, plaet’, we dunna ken whaar it it cam fae; pell meanin ‘treff, taat, etc’ is mair o a mystery. Hit’s onny fun idda former Norn spaekkin plaesses (Shetland, Orkney an Caithness). Da ultimate origin we dunna ken, but compare it wi da Sw. palta (treff), No., Da. pjalt (treff; waik, døless body, cooward.’ Hit micht be a lonn o da Middle Low German palte(r) ‘treff, bit (o cloot)’.
plaet ‘plate’
History: Aald Scots haed twartree forms fir dis wird, laek plait(t)(e), plaith, play(i)t, plea(t)t(e), ple(i)t(t)(e), etc. Hit’s a lonn o da Anglo-Norman plate, at comes fae Medieval Latin plata. Yun in turn comes fae Vulgar Latin *plat(t)us, at haed it fae Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús ‘broad, flat, wide’). Hit ultimately gings back tae Proto-Indo-European *pléth₂us ‘flat, broad’.
kyiss ‘kiss’
History: dis is a braaly aald wird. Da Aald English cyssan descends fae da Proto-Germanic *kussjan- ‘kyiss’, at in turn comes fae Proto-Indo-European *kus-ie ‘kiss’. Ultimately hit wis laekly affekit bi soond sybolism.
trang ‘ticht; intimate; pressed; busy’
History: da Aald Scots thrang haed da sense o ‘budder, herd times, a press or crood’ (fr. 1375), dan ‘crooded, athin a mass’ (fr. 1535), ‘busy’ (fr. 1568), an ‘stress o wark’ (fr. 1684). Da English throng is a cognate. Hit comes fae da aald English þrang, ġeþrang ‘crood, press, cabbi-labbi’. at’s a airly lonn o da Aald Norse þrǫngr ‘nairroo, closs, crooded, ticht’. Da Icel. þröngur, BoNo. trang, NyNo. trong, Sw. trång an Da. trang aa still means yun. Ultimately hit comes fae Proto-Germanic *þrangwjaan- ‘tae press’ at in turn comes fae Proto-Indo-European *tronkʷ-éie- ‘tae press’.
poyem ‘poem’
History: Aald Scots haed poyeme, poyam. Hit’s a lonn fae Middle French poème, at comes fae Latin poēma. Yun in turn is a lonn o da Ancient Greek ποίημα (poíēma), at’s a derivation o ποιέω (poiéō ‘tae mak’). Hit ultimately comes fae Proto-Indo-European *kʷoywós, a derivation o da røt *kʷey- ‘tae pile, stowe, gadder’.
sokit ‘soaked’, past participle o sok
History: da Aald English socian ‘tae sok, steep’ literally mean ‘tae lat sook up’, an comes fae da Proto-Germanic *sukk/gōną ‘tae sook’ at in turn comes fae Proto-Indo-European *suḱ-néh2 ‘tae sook’.
broch ‘pre-historic roond stane fort tooer’
History: dis wird isna fun onywhaar idder bit in Scots. Da Aald Scots broch, brogh comes fae da Aald Norse borg ‘castle fortified plaess, stronghowld, etc.’ (at’s still da sam wird idda Scandinavian languages). Yun in turn cam fae Proto-Germanic *burg- ‘stronghowld, fortified plaess’ at ultimately cam fae Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- ‘tae rise’.
References
Bokmålsordboka. 2022. Språkrådet og Universitetet i Bergen. Available at http://ordbøkene.no.
Christie-Johnston, Alastair & Adaline Christie-Johnston. 2014. Shetland words. A dictionary of the Shetland dialect. Lerwick: The Shetland Times.
de Vaan, Michiel. 2008. Etymological dictionary of Latin and the other Italic languages. Leiden, Boston: Brill
de Vries, Jan. 1977. Altnordisches etymologisches Wörterbuch. Leiden: Brill.
DSL Online. 2002. Glasgow: The University of Glasgow. Available at https://dsl.ac.uk/.
Heggestad, Leiv, Finn Hødnebø & Erik Simensen. 1993. Norrøn ordbok. 4th edn of Gamalnorsk ordbok. Oslo: Det norske samlaget.
Hellquist, Elof. 1993. Svensk etymologisk ordbok. 3rd edn. 2 Vols. Malmö: Gleerups.
Jakobsen, Jakob. 1985 [1928]. An etymological dictionary of the Norn language in Shetland. Lerwick: The Shetland Times.
Kroonen, Guus. 2013. Etymological dictionary of Proto-Germanic. Leiden: Brill.
Lehmann, Winfred P. 1986. A Gothic etymological dictionary. Leiden: Brill.
Macbain, Alexander. 1911. An etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language. Stirling: Eneas Mackay.
Marwick, Hugh. 1929. The Orkney Norn. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Matasović, Ranko. 2009. Etymological dictionary of Proto-Celtic. Leiden: Brill.
Nielsen, Niels Åge. 1995. Dansk etymologisk ordbog. Ordenes historie. 4th edn. København: Gyldendal.
Nynorskordboka. 2022. Språkrådet og Universitetet i Bergen. Available at http://ordbøkene.no.
OED Online. 2021. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available at https://www-oed-com.ezproxy.uni-giessen.de.
Orel, Vladimir. 2003. A handbook of Germanic etymology. Leiden: Brill.
Pfeifer, Wolfgang (ed.). 1997. Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Deutschen. München: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag.
Pokorny, Julius. 1994. Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch. 3rd edn. 2 Vols. Tübingen: Francke Verlag.
Torp, Alf. 1919. Nynorsk etymologisk ordbok. Kristiania: Forlaget H. Aschehoug & Co.
Zoëga, Geir T. 1896. English-Icelandic dictionary. Reykjavík: Sigurður Kristjánsson.
Zoëga, Geir T. 1922. Icelandic-English dictionary. 2nd edn, enlarged. Reykjavík: Sigurður Kristjánsson.
