dis / yun / dat

Demonstratives ir øsed tae point sometin oot in a situation or a utterance. Shaetlan haes a 3-wye contrast system wi dis / yun / dat whaar dis is da clossest ("proximal"), yun is ferder awa ("distal") an dat is even ferder awa in plaess or time ("remote"): dis ram is moorit, yun ram yundroo is catmoget, bit da ram mi fokk haed, dat ram wis a aafil boanny sholmet een ('this ram is brown, that ram there is black bellied, but the ram that my parents had, that ram was a beautiful white faced one). Dis is diffren fae da Standirt English wye, at onn'y haes a 2-wye contrast, an mair laek da Spanish 3-wye system.

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Becis StE onn'y haes twa contrasts, yun an dat baith translate tae English 'that'. Bit dat onn'y shaas at da StE system isna as parteeclar as da StE system an doesna mean at yun an dat can be swappit for een anidder.