Comparin Shaetlan, Swedish & English grammar
Spaekin aboot da claem at Shaetlan grammar is "maistly English" we ir addit Swedish til wir grammatical features databaess noo (see wir posst on 14 Dec 2022 fir da details). De'r twa raisons fir dis: (1) da mair data we git, da mair we fin bits athin Shaetlan at's bøn hoidin afore wir very een; (2) Swedish is as muckle alaek wi Shaetlan as whit Standirt English is. Da ancestors o Shaetlan is Scots (no Standirt English) + Norn (no Swedish) + Dutch/Low German. Scots isna an nivver wis a dialect o English ony mair as English is or wis a dialect o Scots: dey come fae twa saeperit branches o Aald English. An Norn nivver wis a dialect o Swedish ony mair as Swedish is or wis a dialect o Norn: dey come fae twa saeperit branches o Aald Norse. So da genetic distance atween dis tree languages is aboot da sam.
We øsed da hclust function in R tae plot a Cluster Dendrogram, whar da algorithm gadders data baessed on hoo alaek or unaleak dey ir. Da branches an boxes shaas at Shaetlan an Swedish gadder tagidder wharas Standirt English sits on its ain. So da algorithm says at baessed on dis dataset, Shaetlan an Swedish is mair alaek wi een anidder, grammatically spaekin, as idder o dem is til Standirt English. We hae serious doots at onybody wid tak a notion tae ergue at Shaetlan is a "dialect" o Swedish. Dis Cluster Dendrogram shaas at at de'r even less raison tae describe Shaetlan as a "dialect" o Standirt English.
PS: R is a programmeen language fir statistical computeen an graphics. Hit's øsed by maist resaerchers fae aa kind o disciplines tae analyse a shaa aff data.
References
Biber, Douglas, Stig Johansson, Geoffrey N. Leech, Susan Conrad & Edward Finnegan. 2021. Grammar of Spoken and Written English. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Dryer, Matthew S. & Haspelmath, Martin (eds.) 2013. The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Available at http://wals.info.
R Core Team (2021). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. Available at https://www.R-project.org/.
Rara & Universals Archive. Das grammatische Raritätenkabinett & The Universals Archive. Available at https://typo.uni-konstanz.de/rara/.
Teleman, Ulf, Staffan Hellberg, Erik Anderson. 1999. Svenska Akademiens grammatik. Stockholm: Svenska Akademien. Available at: https://svenska.se/grammatik/.
Velupillai, Viveka. 2012. An Introduction to Linguistic Typology. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Velupillai, Viveka & Roy Mullay. 2022. Shaetlan. A Primer. Available at: https://www.iheardee.com/shaetlan/shaetlan-grammar-dictionary.
