Wirdle solutions week 10

W'ir blyde tae announce dat, as o daday, da Shaetlan Wirdle is haed mair as 13,000 players fae 92 countries. Here's da solutions fir dis week! Scroll fir ee wird at a time tae git da richt answer, it's meaneen, an da history o da wird. Last you'll fin da main references at we øse fir da etymologies, an da latest map o players. You'll fin da priciples o wir spelleen system at https://wwwiheardee.com/shaetlan/spellin-in-shaetlan (or inna wir linktree).

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Hit's important tae mind at "Aald English" wis nivver a monolithic language, reider hit's a cover term fir fower distinct Nort Sea Germanic varieties. Da direct ancestor tae Scots wis Northumbrian Aald English. Da direct ancestor tae English wis Mercian Old English. But maist o whit data is left comes fae Wast Saxon Aald English. Wharivver possible w'ir gien da Northumbrian Aald English forms, seein as da main ancestors tae Shaetlan is Norn an Scots (no English), wi a lok o Dutch/Low German influence.

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Wir tanks agein tae Julie fir tinkin up da idee, an tae Andrew fir makkin it possible! 🤗

snaad past tense o snaa ‘snow’

History: dis is a braaly aald wird. Da Aald English snaw, snāw, snaa ‘snaa’ (noun) comes fae Proto-Germanic *snaiwaz ‘snaa’ (noun), at in turn comes fae Proto-Indo-European *snóygʷʰos ‘snaa’, at’s a noun derived fae da verb *sneygʷʰ‑ ‘tae snaa’ + da suffix‎ *‑os (maks action nouns oot o verbs). Da nort an Scots form snaa is mair aald farrant an shaas da airlier Aald English forms, whaaras da Standirt English snow shaas a younger version o da wird.

snick ‘switch on/aff’

History: we doot da origin o dis wird comes fae scoarnin da soond o da action. Hit seems braaly young an is fun apø baith sides o da Atlantic wi da meaneen ‘turn on/aff (lights etc)’ Hit’s maebbi relatit tae sneck ‘latch’ at’s aalder, bit we dunna ken whaar hit comes fae eider.

tyoch ‘tough’

History: Da Aald English tó(c)h meanin ‘tyoch, weel grippit, haddin tagidder, suple, clatchy’ evolved troo *tǫnh fae *tanh at comes fae Proto-Germanic *tanhuz/*taŋχuz ‘tyoch, clingin, haddin tagidder’. Dis in turn ultimately comes fae Proto-Indo-European *denḱ- ‘tae bite’.

fower ‘four’

History: Da Northumbrian Aald English forms wis feawer, fe(o)u(o)er, feowor, few(o)er, etc. Dey originate fae Proto-Germanic * fedwōr at in turn comes fae Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwṓr, da neuter form o da wird. Da original røt micht’ll a bøn somethin laek *kʷet(u)-. Da foremaist f- idda Germanic dorms isna whit we wid lippen: Proto-Indo-European wirds startin wi kw- wir wint tae develop tae hw- athin Germanic wirds. Da gaeneral idee is at da f- athin *fedwōr developed becis o influence fae da f- athin *fimfe ‘five’.

sneet ‘blaa da nose’

History: dis wird’ll a bøn reinforced in Shaetlan wi da fact at baith ancestors haed it. Da Aald Scots snyte ‘tae dicht da nose’ is attestit dae 1586. Hit derives fae Aald English snýtan ‘blaa da nose’ as weel as Aald Norse snýta (meaneen da sam, an da origin o Sw. synta, No. snyte an Da. snyde, at still means da sam). Hit wis laekly snyta or snita athin Norn. Hit ultimately comes fae Proto-Germanic *snūtijaną ‘blaa da nose’, an dat’s a derivation o *snūtaz ‘trünni’ + *-janą ‘suffix at maks verbs’.

meids plural o meid ‘laandmark (seen fae sea)’

History: dis wird is Shetland specific. Hit’s a Norn wird fae Aald Norse miða ‘tae mark a plaess, tae aem’ (cf. Far., Icel. miða ‘tae aem, pinpoint, etc’), at itsel comes fae Proto-Germanic *medja- ‘tae aem’.

eenoo ‘jüst noo, at dis moment; braaly shün, directly, etc’

History: dis wird is fun aa troo da hale o da Scots spaekkin area an is a fusion o even + noo. Da meaneen o ‘braaly shün, directly, jüst noo, at dis moment, etc’ is attestit fae nae laetter as 1492.

References

Bokmålsordboka. 2022. Språkrådet og Universitetet i Bergen. Available at http://ordbøkene.no.

Christie-Johnston, Alastair & Adaline Christie-Johnston. 2014. Shetland words. A dictionary of the Shetland dialect. Lerwick: The Shetland Times.

de Vaan, Michiel. 2008. Etymological dictionary of Latin and the other Italic languages. Leiden, Boston: Brill

de Vries, Jan. 1977. Altnordisches etymologisches Wörterbuch. Leiden: Brill.

DSL Online. 2002. Glasgow: The University of Glasgow. Available at https://dsl.ac.uk/.

Heggestad, Leiv, Finn Hødnebø & Erik Simensen. 1993. Norrøn ordbok. 4th edn of Gamalnorsk ordbok. Oslo: Det norske samlaget.

Hellquist, Elof. 1993. Svensk etymologisk ordbok. 3rd edn. 2 Vols. Malmö: Gleerups.

Jakobsen, Jakob. 1985 [1928]. An etymological dictionary of the Norn language in Shetland. Lerwick: The Shetland Times.

Kroonen, Guus. 2013. Etymological dictionary of Proto-Germanic. Leiden: Brill.

Lehmann, Winfred P. 1986. A Gothic etymological dictionary. Leiden: Brill.

Macbain, Alexander. 1911. An etymological dictionary of the Gaelic language. Stirling: Eneas Mackay.

Marwick, Hugh. 1929. The Orkney Norn. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Matasović, Ranko. 2009. Etymological dictionary of Proto-Celtic. Leiden: Brill.

Nielsen, Niels Åge. 1995. Dansk etymologisk ordbog. Ordenes historie. 4th edn. København: Gyldendal.

Nynorskordboka. 2022. Språkrådet og Universitetet i Bergen. Available at http://ordbøkene.no.

OED Online. 2021. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available at https://www-oed-com.ezproxy.uni-giessen.de.

Orel, Vladimir. 2003. A handbook of Germanic etymology. Leiden: Brill.

Pfeifer, Wolfgang (ed.). 1997. Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Deutschen. München: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag.

Pokorny, Julius. 1994. Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch. 3rd edn. 2 Vols. Tübingen: Francke Verlag.

Torp, Alf. 1919. Nynorsk etymologisk ordbok. Kristiania: Forlaget H. Aschehoug & Co.

Zoëga, Geir T. 1896. English-Icelandic dictionary. Reykjavík: Sigurður Kristjánsson.

Zoëga, Geir T. 1922. Icelandic-English dictionary. 2nd edn, enlarged. Reykjavík: Sigurður Kristjánsson.